Nature’s Hidden Haven: The Living Landscape
Beyond its towering peaks and adventurous trails, Jebel Jais is host to a vibrant ecosystem teeming with life. Its cooler climate and diverse terrains create a sanctuary for a variety of plant and animal species, some of which are rare and indigenous to this region.
A Unique Ecosystem
Jebel Jais, part of the Hajar Mountain range, stands as the highest peak in the United Arab Emirates at 1,934 metres above sea level. This elevation contributes to a distinct microclimate, setting it apart from the surrounding desert landscapes. The mountain's rugged terrains and freshwater wadis provide vital habitats for a diverse array of wildlife species.
Flora: Resilient and Rare
Jebel Jais may appear rugged and bare at first glance but look a little closer and you’ll discover a surprising variety of plants clinging to its steep slopes, nestled in shady wadis, and thriving in cool crevices.
Thanks to the mountain’s elevation and microclimates, Jebel Jais supports a surprisingly rich tapestry of plant life, distinctly different from the rest of the UAE’s lowland deserts. The cooler temperatures, occasional mists, and seasonal rains make the upper elevations more hospitable to endemic and desert-adapted species that are found nowhere else in the country.
Plant Life You Might Encounter
- Sidr Trees (Ziziphus spina-christi)
Revered for their medicinal qualities and used in traditional remedies, these trees also support honeybees in producing Sidr honey. - Desert Hyacinth (Cistanche tubulosa)
A brilliant, parasitic plant that bursts into yellow during bloom season—an iconic desert surprise. - Artemisia (Desert Sage)
Grows in dry areas and is traditionally used for herbal teas and remedies. You can find the locally sourced Artemisia Tea at 1484 by Puro! - Ephemeral Wildflowers
During cooler months or after a rare rainfall, small flowers like Eremobium aegyptiacum and Silene villosa may carpet parts of the mountain in soft color. - Mountain Grasses
Essential for grazing animals and erosion control, these resilient grasses have adapted to thrive with minimal moisture.
Fauna: A Sanctuary for Wildlife
Jebel Jais is home to some of the rarest and most threatened animals in the UAE thriving in its unique habitats, making it a remarkable destination for birdwatching and wildlife photography.
For birders and photographers, it’s important to recognize that the area is divided into two distinct habitats: the mountain slopes and the ground-level desert and foothills. While some species are found across both zones, each supports its own set of unique mammals and birds shaped by elevation and terrain.
Mammals
Mountain Goats
Agile climbers adept at navigating the steep terrains.
Arabian Red Fox
Shy inhabitants of the higher altitudes.
Wild Cats
Elusive creatures that roam the mountainous areas.
Arabian Leopard
Though extremely rare, there is a possibility of their presence in the Hajar mountain range.
Birds
Mountain Slopes & Cliffs (Mid-to-High Elevation)
Chukar Partridge
(Alectoris chukar)
Often seen walking along rocky ridges or calling from slopes.
Hume’s Wheatear
(Oenanthe albonigra)
Common on rocks and low walls; known for its bold and vocal presence.
Desert Lark
(Ammomanes deserti)
Well camouflaged; forages on open rocky ground.
Pale Crag Martin
(Ptyonoprogne obsoleta)
Often observed gliding around cliffs and buildings.
Lower Elevation / Foothills & Wadis (Ground Level)
Sand Partridge
(Ammoperdix heyi)
Typically found in pairs or small groups, scurrying between rocks.
White-spectacled Bulbul
(Pycnonotus xanthopygos)
Seen in greener wadis or near plantings at the base of the mountain.
Graceful Prinia
(Prinia gracilis)
Small and active; found in shrubs or tall grasses along wadi edges.
Occasional / Seasonal Visitors
Brown-necked Raven
(Corvus ruficollis)
Eurasian Kestrel
(Falco tinnunculus)
Blue Rock Thrush
(Monticola solitarius)
Observed during migration or winter.
Wildlife: Observation Etiquette
Exploring Jebel Jais is a rewarding experience for any nature lover, however, it's essential to remember that while we're enjoying the outdoors, many birds and animals call this place home, and we are simply visitors.
Species like the Little Owl and Arabian Red Fox are residents of this rugged environment and during the breeding season they become especially sensitive to human presence. For the Little Owl, this period begins in the late Spring, with nesting beginning in April. Mating season for the Arabian Red Fox begins in December and January, with pups appearing in the spring. Noise, close encounters, or off-trail activity can unintentionally cause stress, potentially leading animals to abandon nests or young.
Remember to keep your distance in your role as an observer to ensure both the wildlife’s and your own safety.
Conservation and Respect
The unique biodiversity of Jebel Jais underscores the importance of conservation efforts. Visitors are encouraged to respect the natural habitats, adhere to designated trails, and minimize disturbances to wildlife. By doing so, we contribute to the preservation of this ecological treasure for future generations.
Explore It For Yourself
The mountain’s flora and fauna is more than just scenery—it plays a critical role in preserving soil health, regulating water flow, and sustaining animal life. Many of these plants have been used by the local Bedouin mountain tribes for food, medicine, and tradition for centuries, forming an integral part of the cultural heritage of Ras Al Khaimah’s highland communities.
Join one of our guided flora and fauna tours, where our passionate guides show you the best-kept spots in Jebel Jais, and if you are lucky, you may even spot one of the rare Arabian foxes!
For flora and fauna tours information, please visit here.